# Toyota estimates up to 1 trillion yen a year for factory automation from 2028

By MarketScale Newsroom · Published 2026-09-23 · Industrial IoT on MarketScale
Canonical: https://www.marketscale.com/industries/industrial-iot/toyota-estimates-up-to-1-trillion-yen-a-year-for-factory-automation-from-2028

> Toyota told investors automation across its factories and major suppliers could cost about 1 trillion yen a year from 2028 and involve roughly 400,000 robots.

## Key points

- 1 trillion yen ($6.4 billion) per year estimated spending on factory automation starting 2028
- About 400,000 robots needed across Toyota, group companies and major suppliers including replacements and new installations
- Automation scope covers industrial robots, automated material handling, and future human-robot collaboration on factory floors

Toyota estimates it could cost 1 trillion yen, about $6.4 billion, per year from 2028 to modernize factories across Toyota, its group companies and major suppliers, according to CNBC.

In the same discussions, Toyota said it could take roughly 400,000 robots to execute that shift across the network, a figure that includes both replacements for existing machines and new installations, and spans humanoid and non-humanoid robots, CNBC reported.

Toyota has not committed to the investment and did not specify how many years the annual spending would continue, according to CNBC.

## What Toyota actually said, and what it did not

CNBC reported Toyota discussed the estimate with investors earlier this month and tied it to increased automation and robotics deployment across its manufacturing network.

Assembly Magazine, citing Reuters, added detail on what sits inside the umbrella: industrial robots, automated material handling, and future applications for collaboration between people and robots on the factory floor. The robot count would include replacements for existing equipment and new installations, and would be a mix of humanoid and non-humanoid robots, Assembly Magazine reported.

Toyota has not committed to the investment and did not specify how many years the spending would continue, according to CNBC.

## Why the 400,000-robot figure lands on suppliers first

According to CNBC, Toyota said its factory-automation cost estimate covers Toyota, its group companies and major suppliers. Toyota said the automation effort spans industrial robots, automated logistics and future human-robot collaboration, but did not provide more detail on specific requirements at supplier sites.

Toyota told investors around 400,000 robots would be needed to drive factory automation across Toyota, its group companies and major suppliers, according to CNBC. The company did not describe procurement requirements, specification changes, or supplier audit criteria tied to that estimate.

According to CNBC, Toyota said the robot total includes replacements for existing machines as well as new installations. Toyota did not provide details on how it would schedule that work or how it would affect downtime and commissioning.

## Humanoids are in the mix, but the work is still industrial

Toyota’s robot count includes humanoid and non-humanoid units, CNBC reported. That will grab attention, but the reported scope still reads like a classic automation stack: industrial robots plus automated logistics or material handling, plus future human-robot collaboration on the shop floor, according to CNBC and Assembly Magazine.

Toyota said its estimate includes both humanoid and non-humanoid robots, according to CNBC.

## What to watch between now and 2028

According to CNBC, Toyota did not specify whether the factory-automation spending would definitely take place or how many years it would continue. The company also did not provide plant-by-plant rollout details or other implementation milestones tied to the estimate.

Reuters and CNBC described the spend and robot figures as estimates discussed with investors, not purchase orders.

## Sources

- [Toyota estimates factory automation could cost $6.4 billion per year from 2028](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/09/18/toyota-says-factory-automation-could-cost-6point4b-year-from-2028.html) (CNBC)
- [Toyota Estimates Factory Automation Could Require 400,000 Robots](https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/100406-toyota-estimates-factory-automation-could-require-400-000-robots) (Assembly Magazine)
- [Toyota estimates factory automation could cost $6.4 billion per year from ...](https://www.tradingview.com/news/reuters.com,2026:newsml_L1N45A080:0-toyota-estimates-factory-automation-could-cost-6-4-billion-per-year-from-2028/)

Tags: Toyota, Toyota Motor, factory automation, industrial robots, humanoid robots, automotive manufacturing, manufacturing operations, capex planning, systems integration, material handling automation, robotics, supply chain, procurement, OT, plant modernization

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